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三种杀螨剂对山楂叶螨的毒力评价

引用本文：封云涛,魏明峰,郭晓君,张润祥,庾琴,范仁俊.三种杀螨剂对山楂叶螨的毒力评价.植物保护学报,2018,45(3):640-646

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2018.2016206

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作者	单位	E-mail
封云涛	山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
魏明峰	山西省农业科学院棉花研究所, 运城 044000
郭晓君	山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
张润祥	山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
庾琴	山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
范仁俊	山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031	rjfan@163.com

中文摘要:为筛选出高效防治山楂叶螨Amphitetranychus viennensis Zacher的杀螨剂，利用玻片浸渍法和叶片残毒法测定了3种杀螨剂对其3种螨态的室内毒力，并对不同浓度杀螨剂的田间防效进行了测定。结果表明：240 g/L螺螨酯、110 g/L乙螨唑和43%联苯肼酯中仅联苯肼酯对山楂叶螨雌成螨有毒力，其LC₅₀为37.65 mg/L；3种杀螨剂均能毒杀卵及幼螨，毒力大小依次为乙螨唑 > 联苯肼酯 > 螺螨酯；同一杀螨剂对幼螨的毒力均高于对卵的毒力。240 g/L螺螨酯和110 g/L乙螨唑对山楂叶螨的总体防效较好，除螺螨酯4 000倍液处理的防效在药后30 d达到最大97.11%外，其余各处理均在药后15 d达到最大，防效为88.76%~96.14%；但二者速效性较差，药后1~7 d防效均低于对照；而螺螨酯4 000、5 000倍液处理及乙螨唑5 000倍液处理的持效性较好，药后30 d防效仍有97.11%、90.90%和93.06%，均显著高于对照。43%联苯肼酯对山楂叶螨的总体防效在3种杀螨剂中最高，其1 800、2 500倍液处理分别在药后7 d和3 d时防效达到最大99.79%和98.64%；1~7 d防效为97.45%~99.79%，显著高于其余杀螨剂和对照；30 d时防效分别达98.14%和96.19%，速效性和持效性均较好。表明螺螨酯和乙螨唑对山楂叶螨的持效性较好，联苯肼酯则有良好的速效性和持效性，可以按照其不同特点推广应用。

中文关键词:山楂叶螨螺螨酯联苯肼酯乙螨唑毒力

Toxicity evaluation of three acaricides against hawthorn spider mite Amphitetranychus viennensis Zacher

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Feng Yuntao	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Wei Mingfeng	Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng 044000, Shanxi Province, China
Guo Xiaojun	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Zhang Runxiang	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Yu Qin	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Fan Renjun	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China	rjfan@163.com

Abstract:In order to obtain effective insecticides to control Amphitetranychus viennensis Zacher, the toxicity of three acaricides were evaluated for three mite developmental stages and filed control efficacy by using slide-dip and leaf residue methods. The results showed that 43% bifenazate SC had toxicity to female adults among the three acaricides tested, with a LC₅₀ value of 37.65 mg/L. The three acaricides all had high toxicity to eggs and larvae of the mites, and the toxicities of different acaricides to eggs and larvae were:etoxazole > bifenazate > spirodiclofen. The toxicity of the same acaricide to larvae was all higher than to eggs. The field tests showed that 240 g/L spirodiclofen SC and 110 g/L etoxazole SC all had good control efficacy to the mites, except 4 000 times dilution of spirodiclofen; the other treatments reached the highest control efficacy (88.76%-96.14%) after application for 15 days, but they showed poor available effect to the mites, their control effects after 1-7 days were lower than that of chemical control. 4 000 and 5 000 times dilution of 240 g/L spirodiclofen SC and 5 000 times dilution of 110 g/L etoxazole SC had good lasting validity period, their control efficacy still reached 97.11%, 90.90% and 93.06%, respectively, after application for 30 days, and significantly higher than that of chemical control. 43% bifenazate SC had the highest control effect among the three acaricides to the mites; the control effects of 1 800 and 2 500 times dilution treatments reached the highest after application for seven and three days (99.79% and 98.64%), showing excellent available effects and good lasting validity period. The control effects after 1-7 days (97.45%-99.79%) were all higher than those of other acaricides, with a control effect of 98.14% and 96.19%, respectively, after application for 30 days, significantly higher than that of control. These results indicated that spirodiclofen and etoxazole showed good lasting validity period, and bifenazate also had excellent available effect and lasting validity period to the mites. The three acaricides could be used in the field for the prevention and control of the mites according to their different features.

keywords:Amphitetranychus viennensis Zacher spirodiclofen bifenazate etoxazole toxicity

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