| 蔬菜作物根际促生菌分离筛选、鉴定及促生特性测定 |
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| 引用本文：李海云,蒋永梅,姚拓,侯栋,马亚春,张惠荣.蔬菜作物根际促生菌分离筛选、鉴定及促生特性测定.植物保护学报,2018,45(4):836-845 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2018.2017133 |
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| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李海云 | 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730070 | | | 蒋永梅 | 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730070 | | | 姚拓 | 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730070 | yaotuo@gsau.edu.cn | | 侯栋 | 甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所, 兰州 730070 | | | 马亚春 | 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730070 | | | 张惠荣 | 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730070 | |
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| 中文摘要:为从4种蔬菜作物根际分离和筛选植物根际促生菌（plant growth promoting rhizobacteria，PGPR）并研究其促生特性，采用固氮、无机和有机磷培养基筛选根际促生菌株，对其促生特性进行定性和定量分析，并通过形态特征及16S rDNA序列分析对优良促生菌株进行鉴定。结果表明：从4种蔬菜根际中共获得57株PGPR菌株，其中固氮菌24株，溶磷菌33株。筛选出的19株优良PGPR菌株的固氮酶活性在0.14~3 664.97 nmol C2H4·h-1·mL-1之间，以NCRS1菌株固氮酶活性最高；溶解无机磷菌株的溶磷量在36.99~362.60 μg/mL之间，培养液pH为4.57~5.75，以NCRP2菌株溶磷量最大；溶解有机磷菌株的溶磷量在9.24~55.21 μg/mL之间，培养液pH为6.24~7.75，以PPRS3菌株溶磷量最大；菌株分泌IAA量均小于3.36 μg/mL；NCRP2菌株对小麦长蠕孢病菌Helminthosporium tritici-vulgaris、番茄早疫病菌Alternaria solani、黄瓜枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌Rhizoctonia solani、油菜菌核病菌Sclerotinias clerotiorum和玉米小斑病菌Bipolaria maydis均有抑制作用。对19株优良PGPR菌株进行初步鉴定，分属于假单胞菌属Pseudomonas、不动细菌属Acinetobacter、Advenella、叶杆菌属Phyllobacterium、细杆菌属Microbacterium、芽胞杆菌属Bacillus。本研究筛选出的优良PGPR菌株，可为今后生物菌肥推广应用提供菌种资源。 |
| 中文关键词:植物根际促生菌 固氮菌 溶磷菌 促生机制 |
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| Isolation, screening, identification and growth promoting characteristics of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria of vegetable crops |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Li Haiyun | Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | | | Jiang Yongmei | Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | | | Yao Tuo | Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | yaotuo@gsau.edu.cn | | Hou Dong | Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | | | Ma Yachun | Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | | | Zhang Huirong | Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China | |
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| Abstract:In order to isolate and screen the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from the root of four vegetables and study their growth promoting properties, the PGPR were screened by nitrogen fixation medium, inorganic and organic phosphorus media, the growth-promoting characteristics (nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, IAA production and the biocontrol effect) were carried out with qualitative and quantitative analysis, meanwhile, the excellent strains were identified by using the morphological characteristics and the 16S rDNA sequence. The results showed that 57 strains of PGPR were obtained from four vegetables'rhizosphere, of which 24 were nitrogen fixing bacteria and 33 were phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The nitrogen fixation activity of 19 nitrogen fixation strains was within the range between 0.14-3 664.97 nmol C2H4·h-1·mL-1, and the NCRS1 strain had the highest nitrogen fixation activity. The dissolution of inorganic or organic phosphorus strains were within the range between 36.99-362.60 μg/mL or 9.24-55.21 μg/mL, and the pH of each strain medium was within the range between 4.57-5.75 or 6.24-7.75, and the NCRP2 strain or PPRS3 strain had the highest capacity of dissolving inorganic or organic phosphorus, respectively. All strains secreted IAA less than 3.36 μg/mL. NCRP2 strain had inhibitory effects on Helminthosporium tritici-vulgaris, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinias clerotiorum, and Bipolaria maydis. Preliminary identification of 19 strains of excellent PGPR strains, belong to Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Advenella, Phyllobacterium, Microbacterium and Bacillus, respectively. The excellent PGPR strains selected in this study could provide bacterial strain resources for the promotion and application of bio-fertilizers in the future. |
| keywords:plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) nitrogen-fixing bacteria phosphate-solubilizing bacteria promoting mechanism |
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