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引起葡萄叶斑病的链格孢种类的初步鉴定

引用本文：王彩霞,李兴红,魏艳敏,燕继晔,王勇,张玮.引起葡萄叶斑病的链格孢种类的初步鉴定.植物保护学报,2019,46(1):175-183

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2019.2017166

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作者	单位	E-mail
王彩霞	北京农学院植物科学技术学院, 北京 102206 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北方果树病虫害绿色防控北京市重点实验室农业部华北都市农业重点实验室, 北京 100097
李兴红	北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北方果树病虫害绿色防控北京市重点实验室农业部华北都市农业重点实验室, 北京 100097
魏艳敏	北京农学院植物科学技术学院, 北京 102206
燕继晔	北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北方果树病虫害绿色防控北京市重点实验室农业部华北都市农业重点实验室, 北京 100097
王勇	贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025
张玮	北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北方果树病虫害绿色防控北京市重点实验室农业部华北都市农业重点实验室, 北京 100097	zhwei1125@163.com

中文摘要:为明确北京市大兴区、顺义区和山西省襄汾县葡萄树上叶斑病的病原菌，利用组织分离法对病样进行分离纯化，采用多基因系统发育学分析（ITS，Alt a 1和gpd）和形态学对纯化后菌株进行鉴定，并结合柯赫氏法则对其进行验证。结果表明，共获得37株链格孢属真菌菌株，分属链格孢Alternaria alternata、葡萄链格孢A.viniferae和乔木链格孢A.arborescens，柯赫氏法则检测结果显示接种菌株对所接叶片与果穗均具致病性，说明这3种链格孢种均为葡萄叶斑病的病原菌；葡萄链格孢为主要的病原菌，有28株，故将该类病害命名为葡萄链格孢叶斑病；此外，该类菌株在2~40℃之间均能生长，25℃为最适生长温度。

中文关键词:葡萄叶斑病链格孢属病原菌鉴定

Identification of Alternaria species causing leaf spots in grapes

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Wang Caixia	College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China), Ministry of Agriculture Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Environmental Friendly Management on Pests of North China Fruits, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Li Xinghong	Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China), Ministry of Agriculture Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Environmental Friendly Management on Pests of North China Fruits, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Wei Yanmin	College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
Yan Jiye	Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China), Ministry of Agriculture Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Environmental Friendly Management on Pests of North China Fruits, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Wang Yong	College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
Zhang Wei	Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China), Ministry of Agriculture Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory for Environmental Friendly Management on Pests of North China Fruits, Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China	zhwei1125@163.com

Abstract:To determine the causes of the leaf spot symptoms observed in grape vineyards in Daxing and Shunyi Districts of Beijing City and Xiangfen County of Shanxi Province, tissue isolation method, multi-gene phylogenetic analysis (ITS, Alt a 1 and gpd) and morphological study were used to identify the species of pathogens. Koch's postulates were used to verify the results. In total, 37 isolates of Alternaria species, A. altanata, A. viniferae and A. arborescens were isolated. All three Alternaria species were pathogens of grape leaf spot disease. Alternaria viniferae was the dominant species with 28 isolates. Therefore, the disease was named as grape Alternaria leaf spot disease. In addition, the current study showed that the pathogen could grow under a wide range of temperature from 2 to 40℃, and the optimum temperature for the three species was 25℃.

keywords:grape leaf spot Alternaria pathogen identification

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