| 转Bt基因棉田棉铃虫对气候变暖与集约化种植的不对称响应 |
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| 引用本文：崔洪莹,赵紫华.转Bt基因棉田棉铃虫对气候变暖与集约化种植的不对称响应.植物保护学报,2020,47(4):912-919 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2020.2020077 |
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| 中文摘要:为明确全球气候变暖及农业集约化对转Bt基因棉田棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera种群发生的影响，通过收集1987—2017年我国山东、河南及河北3省的棉花种植面积、棉铃虫发生面积及年平均温度，采用单因素方差分析法及广义线性模型分析比较转Bt基因棉花推广前后棉田棉铃虫种群的发生程度，分析棉铃虫的为害指数。结果显示，转Bt基因棉花推广前，山东、河南和河北3省的棉铃虫在严重发生年份的为害指数较轻微发生年份均显著增加，分别增加了1.01倍、2.03倍和69.33%；温度距平具有同样的趋势，严重发生年份的温度距平较轻微发生年份分别显著增加了1.91倍、2.33倍和2.29倍。转Bt基因棉花推广后，山东、河南和河北3省的棉铃虫在严重发生年份的为害指数较轻微发生年份仍显著增加，分别增加了1.47倍、1.92倍和1.25倍；温度距平表现出相反的趋势，轻微发生年份的温度距平较严重发生年份分别增加了2.00倍、1.94倍和2.01倍；而河南省和河北省在棉铃虫严重发生年份的棉花种植面积较轻微发生年份分别显著增加了75.94%及38.92%。表明转Bt基因棉花种植后显著改变了棉铃虫对全球气候变暖的响应，气候变暖降低了棉铃虫的为害指数，而棉花集约化种植增加了棉铃虫的为害指数。非转基因棉田的棉铃虫受自然因素的影响，转Bt基因棉田的棉铃虫受自然及人为因素的双重影响。 |
| 中文关键词:气候变暖 棉铃虫 为害指数 转Bt基因棉花 |
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| Asymmetrical responses of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera to global warming and agricultural intensification in Bt cotton fields |
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| Abstract:To determine the effects of global warming and agricultural intensification on the population occurrence of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, in fields of transgenic Bt cotton, the data of cotton planting area, occurrence area of H. armigera and annual average temperature in Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces of northern China were collected during 1987—2017. The pest attack index of H. armigera in these three provinces was analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and generalized linear model to compare the population occurrence degrees of H. armigera in cotton fields before and after transgenic Bt cotton planting. Before transgenic Bt cotton planting, the results showed that the pest attack index of H. armigera significantly increased in the years of heavy occurrence compared with that in the years of light occurrence for cotton bollworm in Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces, which were 1.01-fold, 2.03-fold and 69.33%, respectively. The temperature anomaly had the same trend, which increased 1.91-, 2.33- and 2.29-fold in Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces, respectively. After transgenic Bt cotton planting, the pest attack index of H. armigera significantly increased in heavy years compared with that in light years for cotton bollworm occurrence in Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces, which was 1.47-, 1.92- and 1.25-fold, respectively. The temperature anomaly had the opposite trend, the pest attack index of H. armigera significantly increased in light years compared with that in heavy years for cotton bollworm occurrence in Shandong, Henan and Hebei provinces, which was 2.00-, 1.94- and 2.01-fold, respectively. Cotton planting area had the same tread, which increased 75.94% and 38.92% in Henan and Hebei provinces, respectively. It indicated that global warming significantly reduced the pest attack index of H. armigera, while agricultural intensification significantly increased the pest attack index of H. armigera after transgenic Bt cotton planting. Intensification of transgenic Bt cotton significantly changed the response of H. armigera to global warming. These results indicated that cotton bollworm in non-transgenic cotton fields was affected by natural factors, while cotton bollworm in transgenic Bt cotton fields was significantly affected by both natural and human factors. |
| keywords:global warming Helicoverpa armigera pest attack index transgenic Bt cotton |
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