| 乳化剂EL-40对高效氯氟氰菊酯微囊防控苗期棉蚜的调节作用 |
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| 引用本文：王爱萍,曹海潮,狄春香,于少利,慕卫,李北兴.乳化剂EL-40对高效氯氟氰菊酯微囊防控苗期棉蚜的调节作用.植物保护学报,2021,48(5):1164-1174 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2021.2021869 |
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| 中文摘要:为探究乳化剂蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚EL-40调控载药微囊释放性能的机制，评价载药微囊对非靶标生物的急性毒性，采用界面聚合法，通过调节乳化剂EL-40用量（0.5%、1.0%和2.0%）制备释放性能不同的2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯微囊悬浮剂，分别于棉蚜Aphis gossypii发生初期与盛期进行施药，监测药剂处理后棉蚜与瓢虫的种群动态，明确其对棉田棉蚜的控制效果，并确定最佳施药时期。结果表明，微囊制备过程中，提高EL-40用量可降低囊壳致密度，进而加快载药微囊活性成分释放，当EL-40用量为0.5%、1.0%和2.0%时，添加润湿剂OP-10后载药微囊在叶面上的24 h释放百分比分别为18.02%、41.58%和63.84%。相对于乳油剂型，微囊化显著提高了2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯对斑马鱼Danio rerio与七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata的安全性，且安全水平与微囊释放速率呈负相关，其中，含0.5% EL-40载药微囊的缓释性能最佳，对两者的急性毒性分别为270.55 μg/L（LC50）与0.73 mg/L（LR50）。相较于发生盛期施药，在发生初期施药对棉蚜种群的控制效果更好，且可避免对瓢虫种群造成伤害，其中2.0% EL-40载药微囊对棉蚜的控制效果最佳，施药后14 d棉蚜的校正虫口减退率为72.90%。表明在棉花苗期棉蚜发生初期使用含2.0% EL-40的2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯微囊悬浮剂的控制效果更好，控制期更长。 |
| 中文关键词:棉蚜 高效氯氟氰菊酯 微囊悬浮剂 乳化剂 控制效果 |
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| Regulation of emulsifier EL-40 on the control of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii at seedling stage with lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Wang Aiping | College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China | | | Cao Haichao | College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China | | | Di Chunxiang | The Rural Economy Management Main Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China | | | Yu Shaoli | Haiyang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Haiyang 265100, Shandong Province | | | Mu Wei | College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China | muwei@sdau.edu.cn | | Li Beixing | College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China | beixingli@sdau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract:In order to explore the role of emulsifier EL-40 in the release of pesticide-loaded microcapsules and evaluate its acute toxicity to non-target organisms, three capsule suspensions of 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules were prepared by adding 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% EL-40 through interfacial polymerization, and sprayed at the initial and the peak periods of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii population. The population dynamics of cotton aphids and ladybugs were monitored 0 day before and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after treatments. The results showed that increasing content of EL-40 could reduce the compactness of capsules and accelerate the release of active ingredients from the pesticide-loaded microcapsules. At 24 h after treatment, the release of lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules on leaf surface were 18.02%, 41.58% and 63.84%, respectively, for capsule suspensions prepared with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% EL-40 and wetting agent OP-10. Compared with emulsifiable concentrate, microencapsulation could significantly reduce the acute toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin to Danio rerio and Coccinella septempunctata, and the toxicity was positively correlated with the release speed of microcapsules. The acute toxicity of the capsule suspension prepared with 0.5% EL-40 (with the best sustained release profile) to D. rerio and C. septempunctata were 270.55 μg/L (LC50) and 0.73 mg/L (LR50), respectively. Applying these pesticides at the initial period of cotton aphids yielded much better control efficacy and less damage on the population of ladybugs than that with the application at the peak period of cotton aphids. The capsule suspension prepared with 2.0% EL-40 had the best control efficacy with a corrected population reduction of 72.90% at the 14th day after treatment. These results indicated that the capsule suspension of lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules prepared with 2.0% EL-40, showing a rapid release profile, had a better efficacy and longer control against cotton aphids at the initial period. |
| keywords:Aphis gossypii lambda-cyhalothrin capsule suspension emulsifier control efficacy |
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