| 温度对大蜡螟生长发育和繁殖的影响 |
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| 引用本文：罗丽林,杨广明,龙立炎,王兴红,黄振兴,乙天慈,罗雪丹,刘曼.温度对大蜡螟生长发育和繁殖的影响.植物保护学报,2022,49(2):644-653 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2022.2020218 |
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| 中文摘要:为预测大蜡螟Galleria mellonella的发生期并为其田间有效防控提供参考依据,采用室内人工恒温饲养方法,测定27、29、31、33、35℃五个温度下大蜡螟幼虫龄期、各虫态存活率和发育历期及成虫寿命和繁殖力,对其发育速率与温度进行回归分析,计算各虫态发育起点温度和有效积温。结果显示,27~35℃范围内,大蜡螟能正常发育,但低温会使幼虫龄期减少,29~35℃下大蜡螟有7~10龄幼虫,而27℃下,大蜡螟仅有6~8龄幼虫。温度显著影响各虫态存活率,低龄尤其1龄幼虫受温度的影响较大,27~33℃下其存活率低于26.06%,当温度为35℃时其存活率高达87.27%。世代及各虫态的发育历期均与温度呈负相关,卵期、幼虫期、蛹期及世代发育历期均在35℃降至最小值,分别为5.00、25.90、7.05和37.95 d。各虫态发育速率与温度符合二次回归模型。由直接最优法计算得到大蜡螟卵、幼虫、蛹及世代的发育起点温度分别为13.11、13.69、19.83和13.19℃,有效积温依次为100.32、514.09、95.13和789.87日·度。雌雄成虫的寿命和雌成虫产卵历期均随温度升高而缩短,温度对单雌产卵量无显著影响,但35℃下单雌日均产卵量最高,为342.59粒。表明温度是影响大蜡螟生长发育和繁殖的关键因素,35℃是大蜡螟生长发育和繁殖的最适温度。 |
| 中文关键词:大蜡螟 温度 生长发育 繁殖 |
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| Effects of temperature on the development and reproduction of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LUO Li-lin | Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou Province, China | | | YANG Guang-ming | Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou Province, China | | | LONG Li-yan | Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Taijiang County, Kaili 556300, Guizhou Province, China | | | WANG Xing-hong | Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou Province, China | | | HUANG Zhen-xing | Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou Province, China | | | YI Tian-ci | Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China | | | LUO Xue-dan | Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China | | | LIU Man | Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou Province, China | freemyself516@hotmail.com |
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| Abstract:In order to provide a basic reference for future population dynamic prediction and integrated control of greater wax moth Galleria mellonella, its larval instars, survival, developmental duration,lifespan and fecundity were measured at five different temperatures(27, 29, 31, 33 and 35℃) in the laboratory. Based on regression analysis and direct optimization, the developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of different developmental stages were also calculated. The results showed that the pest could complete its life cycle under the temperature from 27℃ to 35℃.Low temperature led to early pupation; a maximum of eight larval instars occurred at 27℃, and ten instars occurred under the temperature of 29-35℃. In addition, the temperature had significant effects on the survival rate of G. mellonella. The survival rate of early instars, especially the 1st instar, was greatly affected by temperature. Under the temperature of 27-33℃, it was less than 26.06%, while it was the highest at 35℃(87.27%). The generation time and the developmental durations of different stages were negatively correlated with temperature. The developmental durations of egg, larva, pupa and the generation time of G. mellonella were the shortest at 35℃(5.00, 25.90, 7.05 and 37.95 d, respectively). The relationship between the developmental rate of G. mellonella and temperature conformed to the regression quadratic model. Based on the direct optimization method, the developmental threshold temperature of egg, larva, pupa, and the generation time of G. mellonella was 13.11, 13.69, 19.83 and 13.19℃,respectively, and the effective accumulated temperature was 100.32, 514.09, 95.13, and 789.87 degreedays, respectively. The longevity of female and male adults and the oviposition period shortened with increasing temperature, while temperature had no significant effect on the number of eggs laid per female.Nevertheless, the average daily number of eggs laid per female was the highest(342.59 eggs per female) at 35℃. The results indicated that temperature was the key factor affecting the development and reproduction of G. mellonella, and the optimum temperature for development and reproduction was35℃. |
| keywords:Galleria mellonella temperature growth and development reproduction |
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