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性信息素迷向丝的优化及其对梨小食心虫的田间防效

引用本文：牛国飞,韦小雪,王怡,李捷,马瑞燕,孔维娜.性信息素迷向丝的优化及其对梨小食心虫的田间防效.植物保护学报,2025,52(6):1485-1494

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2025.2025075

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作者	单位	E-mail
牛国飞	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
韦小雪	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
王怡	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
李捷	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
马瑞燕	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031	mary@sxau.edu.cn
孔维娜	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031	kwnlll@126.com

中文摘要:为提升性信息素迷向技术对梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta的防效，采用两种载体（聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯）、两种抗氧化剂（2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和没食子酸丙酯）和两种抗紫外线剂（UV-531和UV-P）进行正交组合，自制4种性信息素迷向丝，以两种市售性信息素迷向丝为对照，分别在山西省临汾市蒲县和晋中市太谷区开展田间试验，测定这6种性信息素迷向丝对诱蛾量、迷向率、折梢率、防效的影响以及性信息素的田间释放速率和稳定性。结果显示：4种自制性信息素迷向丝显著降低了蒲县（31～314头）和太谷区（3～18头）桃园的诱蛾量，迷向率可达71%～98%，相当或高于两种市售性信息素迷向丝。在蒲县桃园，自制性信息素迷向丝#1和#3以及市售长持效期性信息素迷向丝可降低折梢率（5%以下），防效达50%以上；在太谷区桃园，6种性信息素迷向丝均可显著降低折梢率（≤5%），防效达60%以上。6种性信息素迷向丝中物质的释放速率为0.249～0.522 mg/d。田间试验结束后，4种自制性信息素迷向丝中剩余性信息素主要组分顺-8-十二碳烯醇醋酸酯与初始相对含量差异较小。正交极差分析显示抗氧化剂对迷向丝田间防效的贡献高于抗紫外线剂；载体作用因地区不同存在差异，在蒲县的贡献最小，在太谷区的贡献最大。综合各项指标，试验最佳载体、抗氧化剂和抗紫外线剂组合为聚乙烯管、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和UV-531（自制性信息素迷向丝#1）。

中文关键词:梨小食心虫性信息素迷向丝载体抗氧化剂抗紫外线剂田间防效

Optimization of sex pheromone-based mating disruption products and their field control efficacy against oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Niu Guofei	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Wei Xiaoxue	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Wang Yi	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Li Jie	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Ma Ruiyan	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China	mary@sxau.edu.cn
Kong Weina	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China	kwnlll@126.com

Abstract:To improve the control efficacy of sex pheromone-based mating disruption（MD） against oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta, an orthogonal design was employed using two carriers（polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride）, two antioxidants（butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate）, and two UV-protective agents（UV-531 and UV-P） to formulate four homemade MD dispensers. Two commercially available MD products were used as controls. Field experiments were conducted in Pu County（Linfen City） and Taigu District（Jinzhong City） of Shanxi Province to evaluate the effects of the six MD products on moth catches, mating disruption rate, shoot infestation ratio, and field control efficacy, as well as the pheromone release rate and stability. The results showed that the four homemade MD products significantly reduced moth catches in peach orchards in Pu County（31-314 moths） and Taigu District（3-18 moths）. The mating disruption rate reached 71%-98%, comparable to or exceeding that of the two commercial products. Regional differences were observed in field control efficacy. In Pu County, homemade MD products #1 and #3, as well as the commercial long-lasting MD product, reduced shoot infestation to below 5%, with control efficacy exceeding 50%. In Taigu District, all six MD products significantly reduced shoot infestation to 5% or lower, with control efficacy greater than 60%. The pheromone release rate of the six MD products ranged from 0.249 mg/d to 0.522 mg/d. After field deployment, the remaining relative content of the main pheromone component（cis-8-dodecenyl acetate） in the four homemade products showed little deviation from its initial level. Orthogonal range analysis indicated that antioxidants contributed more to field efficacy than UV-protective agents. The effect of carriers varied by region, showing the lowest contribution in Pu County but the highest in Taigu District. Based on all indicators, the optimal combination of carrier, antioxidant, and UVprotective agent was polyethylene tubing, butylated hydroxytoluene, and UV-531（homemade MD product #1）.

keywords:Grapholita molesta sex pheromone-based mating disruption carrier antioxidant UV-protective agent field control efficacy

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