| 精准变量喷药技术发展现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文：胡军,鲍德瑞,石航,刘昶希,李宇飞,付晓明.精准变量喷药技术发展现状与展望.植物保护学报,2026,53(1):54-66 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2026805 |
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| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 胡军 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319
农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | gcxykj@126.com | | 鲍德瑞 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | | 石航 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | | 刘昶希 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319
农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | | 李宇飞 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319
农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | | 付晓明 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江 大庆 163319
农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室, 黑龙江 大庆 163319 | |
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| 中文摘要:精准农业是促进农业可持续发展的有效途径，变量喷药技术作为精准农业领域的重要分支，通过集成智能感知、决策控制、喷药质量优化技术、硬件通信技术实现农药施用的精准化、高效化，逐渐成为解决农业生产难题的关键工具。该文从变量喷药技术的决策生成与执行、喷药方式、关键技术方面综述变量喷药系统的研究现状，针对现阶段精准变量喷药面临的挑战，提出多传感器融合、多目标作业、多系统集成、多策略优化、多平台应用将是未来变量喷药技术的主流发展方向，以期为推进变量喷药技术的研究提供参考，为智能农业装备的研发提供思路。 |
| 中文关键词:变量喷药 决策生成 决策执行 机器视觉 处方图 |
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| Current status and prospect of precision variable spraying technology |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Hu Jun | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | gcxykj@126.com | | Bao Derui | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Shi Hang | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Liu Changxi | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Li Yufei | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Fu Xiaoming | College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China
Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang Province, China | |
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| Abstract:Precision agriculture serves as an effective pathway for promoting sustainable agricultural development. As a vital branch within this field, variable rate spraying technology integrates intelligent sensing, decision-making control, spray quality optimization techniques, and hardware communication technologies to achieve precise and efficient pesticide application. It is increasingly becoming a key tool for addressing challenges in agricultural production. This review outlines the current state of variable rate spraying systems, focusing on decision generation and execution, spraying methods, and key technologies. Addressing the challenges facing precision variable rate spraying today, we propose that multisensor fusion, multi-objective operations, multi-system integration, multi-strategy optimization, and multi-platform applications will be the mainstream development directions for future variable rate spraying technology. This research provides a reference for advancing variable rate spraying technology and insights into the development of intelligent agricultural equipment. |
| keywords:variable spray decision generation decision execution machine vision prescription diagram |
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