| 智慧植保技术体系与应用现状综述 |
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| 引用本文：别宇辉,陈鑫,徐国威,李云龙,张小利,曹金娟,朝格敖其尔,莫仁,王耀君.智慧植保技术体系与应用现状综述.植物保护学报,2026,53(1):80-94 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2025.2025803 |
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| 中文摘要:在全球气候变化加剧与粮食安全保障需求日益凸显的背景下，农作物病虫害防控工作正面临多重挑战。智慧植保作为现代农业信息技术集成创新的重要方向，通过深度融合人工智能、物联网、遥感监测等前沿技术，构建感知-通信-决策-执行全链条智能化防控体系，为提升农业灾害治理能力提供了关键技术支撑。该文系统梳理了智慧植保的技术架构：在信息感知层面，整合多源传感器网络与卫星遥感技术实现病虫害监测多维化；在数据通信层面，构建边缘计算与云计算协同的传输处理平台以保障信息时效性；在决策执行层面，依托智能算法驱动精准施药装备与植保机器人作业。并通过典型应用场景分析，揭示了智慧植保装备在提升防治效率、减少农药用量及降低环境负荷等方面的显著效益。最后，针对技术落地面临的成本约束、数据壁垒及标准缺失等现实瓶颈，提出硬件轻量化-软件开源化-服务云端化的协同发展路径，以期为推进农业绿色转型与可持续发展提供参考。 |
| 中文关键词:智慧植保 病虫害防控 物联网 人工智能 |
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| A review of smart plant protection technologies and their current applications |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Bie Yuhui | College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China | | | Chen Xin | College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | Xu Guowei | College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China | | | Li Yunlong | Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China | | | Zhang Xiaoli | Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China | | | Cao Jinjuan | Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China | | | Chaogeaoqier | Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Ordos, Ordos 017200, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China | | | Mo Ren | Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Ordos, Ordos 017200, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China | | | Wang Yaojun | College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China | wangyaojun@cau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract:Amid intensifying global climate change and rising concerns over food security, crop pest and disease control is confronted with multiple challenges. Smart plant protection, as a key frontier in the integrated innovation of modern agricultural information technologies, establishes an intelligent fullchain system covering perception, communication, decision-making, and execution through the deep integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and remote sensing monitoring. This paper systematically reviews the technical architecture of smart plant protection: at the information perception layer, multi-source sensor networks are integrated with satellite remote sensing to achieve multi-dimensional monitoring of pests and diseases; at the data communication layer, an edge-cloud collaborative transmission and processing platform is constructed to ensure real-time information flow; at the decision-execution layer, intelligent algorithms are employed to power precision spraying equipment and plant protection robots. Typical application scenarios demonstrate the significant benefits of smart plant protection technologies in improving control efficiency, reducing pesticide use, and minimizing environmental impacts. Finally, practical bottlenecks such as high cost, data silos, and a lack of unified standards are discussed, and a coordinated development strategy of hardware miniaturization, software open-sourcing, and cloud-based services is proposed to provide a theoretical reference for promoting agricultural green transformation and sustainable development. |
| keywords:smart plant protection pest and disease control Internet of Things artificial intelligence |
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