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不同生殖状态下梨小食心虫雌雄成虫对飞行与繁殖的能量权衡

引用本文：陈航,王琪琳,王怡,胡荣山,李捷,马瑞燕,孔维娜.不同生殖状态下梨小食心虫雌雄成虫对飞行与繁殖的能量权衡.植物保护学报,2026,53(1):209-216

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025095

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作者	单位	E-mail
陈航	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
王琪琳	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
王怡	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
胡荣山	蒲县生态产品研发技术服务中心, 山西蒲县 041200
李捷	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031
马瑞燕	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031	mary@sxau.edu.cn
孔维娜	山西农业大学植物保护学院, 农业有益生物利用与生态农药创制山西省重点实验室, 太原 030031	kwnlll@126.com

中文摘要:为明确不同生殖状态下梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta对飞行与繁殖的能量权衡情况，分别比较生殖前期（羽化后到第1次交配前）、交配后产卵前期（交配后到第1次产卵前）和产卵期（第1次产卵后至产卵结束）的雌成虫以及未交配、交配1次和交配2次的雄成虫的飞行能力（飞行距离、飞行时间和飞行速度）和生殖系统发育。结果显示：生殖状态显著影响梨小食小虫雌成虫的飞行距离和飞行时间，而对雌成虫的飞行速度及雄成虫的飞行距离、飞行时间和飞行速度均无显著影响。飞行前后，生殖前期和产卵前期的雌成虫的卵巢管长度无显著变化；但飞行后产卵期雌成虫的卵巢管长度较飞行前显著增加44.5%。飞行前后，未交配及交配1次的雄成虫的精巢面积均无显著变化；但飞行后交配2次的雄成虫的精巢面积较飞行前显著减少31.5%。表明飞行能力会促进雌成虫的卵巢发育，但会降低已交配雄成虫的繁殖能力。

中文关键词:梨小食心虫生殖状态飞行能力生殖系统权衡

Energy trade-offs between flight and reproduction in male and female Grapholita molesta adults under different reproductive states

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Chen Hang	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Wang Qilin	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Wang Yi	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Hu Rongshan	Ecological Product Research and Development Technical Service Center of Pu County, Pu County 041200, Shanxi Province, China
Li Jie	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China
Ma Ruiyan	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China	mary@sxau.edu.cn
Kong Weina	Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bioagent Utilization and Eco-Pesticide Innovation, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi Province, China	kwnlll@126.com

Abstract:To clarify the energy trade-offs between flight and reproduction in oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta under different reproductive states, flight performance and reproductive system development were examined in female and male adults at distinct reproductive stages. For female adults, flight performance parameters (flight distance, duration and speed) and reproductive system development (ovariole length) were measured among the pre-reproductive stage (from adult emergence to first mating), the post-mating pre-ovipositional stage (from mating to first oviposition), and the ovipositional stage (after first oviposition). For male adults, the same flight performance parameters and reproductive system development indices (testis area) were analyzed among unmated, once-mated, and twice-mated individuals. Our results showed that reproductive status significantly affected flight distance and flight duration, but had no effect on flight speed. In contrast, no significant differences were detected in flight distance, duration, or speed among males with different mating statuses. Before and after flight, ovariole length did not differ significantly in females at the pre-reproductive and postmating pre-ovipositional stages; however, ovariole length in ovipositional females increased significantly by 44.5% after flight. No significant differences in testis area were detected before and after flight in unmated and once-mated males, whereas testis area in twice-mated males decreased significantly by 31.5% after flight. Our findings indicate that flight capability can facilitate ovarian development in female G. molesta, but may reduce reproductive capacity in already mated males.

keywords:Grapholita molesta reproductive status flight performance reproductive system trade-off

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