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重庆市叶用枸杞主要虫害发生特征及绿色防控策略

引用本文：黄飞逸,戴前莉,卢敏,张国豪,冉龙,田艳,魏立本,崔艳红,朱迎春,朱恒星.重庆市叶用枸杞主要虫害发生特征及绿色防控策略.植物保护学报,2026,53(1):253-262

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025085

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作者	单位	E-mail
黄飞逸	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
戴前莉	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
卢敏	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
张国豪	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
冉龙	重庆市丰都县三抚林场, 丰都 408200
田艳	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
魏立本	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
崔艳红	辽宁省农业科学院辽宁省经济林研究所, 大连 116091
朱迎春	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036
朱恒星	重庆市林业科学研究院, 沙坪坝 400036	15213188486@163.com

中文摘要:为明确重庆市叶用枸杞Lycium chinense虫害发生种类和规律，探索叶用枸杞虫害绿色防控技术措施，通过田间样地调查确定其主要害虫，并开展物理防治、生物源农药和环保型化学农药综合绿色防控措施对主要害虫的防控研究。结果显示：重庆市叶用枸杞虫害主要有8种（类），集中发生在每年的4—10月，其中枸杞叶螨类Tetranychus spp.、枸杞蚜虫类Aphis spp.、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura和枸杞毛跳甲Epitrix abeillei这4种（类）害虫为重度和极重度发生，为当地叶用枸杞生产中的主要害虫；甜菜夜蛾 Spodoptera exigua 中度发生，枸杞瘿螨 Aceri macrodonis、枸杞负泥虫Lema decempunctata和枸杞蓟马Psilothrips bimaculatus 轻度发生。与对照相比，通过物理防治以及施用生物源农药和环保型化学农药均可有效降低虫害发生率，防效最高分别达到 50.00%、89.86%和93.83%；其中，环保型化学农药对4种主要害虫的防效均最高；生物源农药在防治枸杞叶螨类和枸杞蚜虫类时，防效接近环保型化学农药，可以在防控这2类主要害虫时增加使用比例；物理防治枸杞蚜虫类和斜纹夜蛾时防效相对较好，可作为这2种（类）主要害虫的协同防治方式。

中文关键词:叶用枸杞虫害发生特征绿色防控

Study on the occurrence characteristics of leaf-harvested Lycium chinense insect pests and green control strategy in Chongqing

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Huang Feiyi	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Dai Qianli	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Lu Min	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Zhang Guohao	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Ran Long	Sanfu Forest Farm, Fengdu 408200, Chongqing, China
Tian Yan	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Wei Liben	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Cui Yanhong	Liaoning Economic Forest Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116091, Liaoning Province, China
Zhu Yingchun	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China
Zhu Hengxing	Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences, Shapingba 400036, Chongqing, China	15213188486@163.com

Abstract:To identify insect pest species and occurrence patterns of leaf-harvested Lycium chinense in Chongqing, and to evaluate sustainable green control techniques for such pests, field plots were surveyed to identify the main pests. Subsequently, a comprehensive study was conducted on the efficacy of integrated control including physical, biological, and environmentally friendly chemical pesticides against these main pests. This research identified eight primary pest species occurring mainly from April to October. Among them, Tetranychus spp., Aphis spp., Spodoptera litura, and Epitrix abeillei were classified as prevalent occurrence and extremely prevalent occurrence, constituting the dominant pests in local production. Spodoptera exigua showed moderate occurrence, while Aceria macrodonis, Lema decempunctata, and Psilothrips bimaculatus occurred at minor levels. Compared to the control, all three strategies significantly reduced pest incidence. Eco-friendly chemical pesticides demonstrated the highest efficacy (up to 93.83% efficacy) against all four major pests. Biopesticides (up to 89.96% efficacy) performed as effective as chemicals in controlling Tetranychus spp. and Aphis spp., the usage rate could be increased when controlling these two main types of pests. When using physical methods to control (up to 50.00% efficacy) the Aphis spp. and Spodoptera litura, the efficacy is relatively high and can be used as a combined control method for these two main types of pests.

keywords:leaf-harvested Lycium chinense pest occurrence characteristic green control strategy

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