| 大球盖菇跳虫的土壤分布、危害调查及药剂防治技术 |
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| 引用本文：张小艳,张康,王清文,王雪成,黄振,沙小芳,袁向群,李怡萍.大球盖菇跳虫的土壤分布、危害调查及药剂防治技术.植物保护学报,2026,53(1):263-272 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2026.2025150 |
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| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张小艳 | 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 张康 | 汉中市农业技术推广与培训中心, 陕西 汉中 723000 | | | 王清文 | 汉中市农业技术推广与培训中心, 陕西 汉中 723000 | | | 王雪成 | 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 黄振 | 陕西金西生物科技发展有限公司, 汉中 723000 | | | 沙小芳 | 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 袁向群 | 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 李怡萍 | 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | liyiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要:为明确大球盖菇Stropharia rugosoannulata土壤中跳虫的种群特征及筛选防控跳虫的有效药剂，采用五点取样法调查土壤中跳虫种群密度及对子实体的为害程度，通过聚集指数分析跳虫的分布特征；采用菇片浸渍法测定10种杀虫剂对跳虫的室内毒力，筛选有效药剂并进行田间防治试验；通过平板加药法评估有效药剂对大球盖菇菌丝生长的影响，检测菌丝中的药剂残留。结果表明：大球盖菇土壤中跳虫平均密度为 7.15×104头/m2，在菇棚内呈均匀分布，对子实体的为害率达 60%。共筛选出7种有效防治药剂，其中4.3%氯氟·甲维盐乳油、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂和1.8%阿维菌素乳油对跳虫的田间防治效果显著，防治效果分别为89.09%、84.85%、80.34%和86.93%，且对大球盖菇菌丝生长的抑制率低，未检测到药剂残留，可在生产中推广应用。 |
| 中文关键词:跳虫 大球盖菇 危害调查 空间分布 药剂防治 残留检测 |
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| Soil distribution, damage investigation and chemical control of springtails on wine cap mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Zhang Xiaoyan | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Zhang Kang | Hanzhong Agricultural Technology Promotion and Training Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Wang Qingwen | Hanzhong Agricultural Technology Promotion and Training Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Wang Xuecheng | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Huang Zhen | Shaanxi Jinxi Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd., Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Sha Xiaofang | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Yuan Xiangqun | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China | | | Li Yiping | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in the Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China | liyiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn |
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| Abstract:To clarify the population characteristics of springtails in the soil of wine cap mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata, and to screen effective insecticides for their control, the population density of springtails and the damage to fruiting bodies were investigated using a five-point sampling method, and their spatial distribution was analyzed using aggregation indices. The laboratory toxicity of ten insecticides to springtails was evaluated using the mushroom slice dipping method, and effective insecticides were selected for field control trials. In addition, the effects of the selected insecticides on mycelial growth were assessed using a plate incorporation method, and pesticide residues in the mycelia were detected. The results showed that the average density of springtails in the soil of S. rugosoannulata was 7.15×104/m2 individuals, with a uniform distribution in mushroom sheds, and the damage rate to fruiting bodies reached 60%. Seven effective insecticides were screened, among which 4.3% chlorfluazuronemamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin emulsion in water, and 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate showed significant control effects on springtails, with control efficacies of 89.09%, 84.85%, 80.34% and 86.93%, respectively. These insecticides exhibited low inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of S. rugosoannulata, and no pesticide residues were detected in the mycelia, indicating their suitability for practical application in production. |
| keywords:springtails Stropharia rugosoannulata damage investigation spatial distribution chemical control residue detection |
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