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宁夏麦蚜天敌多样性及种间关系

引用本文：刘军和,贺达汉,赵紫华.宁夏麦蚜天敌多样性及种间关系.植物保护学报,2014,41(6):739-746

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作者	单位	E-mail
刘军和	黄淮学院生物工程系, 河南驻马店 463000
贺达汉	宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021
赵紫华	中国农业大学昆虫学系, 北京 100193	zhzhao@cau.edu.cn

中文摘要:麦蚜是宁夏小麦的主要害虫,为了实现自然天敌对麦蚜的有效控制,采用网捕法和陷阱法等采集手段,通过3年田间调查,共鉴定麦蚜天敌97种,包括寄生性天敌16种和捕食性天敌81种。将麦蚜天敌划分为单食性天敌、寡食性天敌、多食性天敌及杂食性天敌共4类功能团进行分析,结果表明,不同天敌功能团对麦蚜种群的影响存在显著的交互作用;寄生性天敌中蚜茧蜂属的燕麦蚜茧蜂与烟蚜茧蜂是优势种;捕食性天敌种类较为复杂,不同地区麦蚜天敌组成存在显著性差异,复杂的农业景观能够维持更高的天敌多样性。表明在农业生态系统中建立和恢复非作物生境能够明显提高天敌种群数量,进而提高其生物防治作用。

中文关键词:麦蚜天敌多样性种间关系

Diversity and interspecific relationship of wheat aphid and natural enemy system in Ningxia

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Liu Junhe	Department of Biological Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan Province, China
He Dahan	College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia Province, China
Zhao Zihua	Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China	zhzhao@cau.edu.cn

Abstract:Cereal aphids are the most important pests of wheat crop in Ningxia, China. In order to examine the relationship between cereal aphids and their natural enemies, the field investigation were conducted on insect community by combination of net sweeping and pitfall traps from 2009 to 2012. The results showed that 97 species of natural enemies including 16 parasitoid species and 81 predator species were identified. The natural enemies were divided into four kinds of functional modules including primary parasitoid, oligophagous predator, polyphagous predator, and omnivorous predator. All four modules of natural enemy had significant effects on cereal aphid population in wheat crop. Furthermore, the interactions among these four modules on cereal aphids were significant. Aphidius avenae Haliday and Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed were the two dominant species of primary parasitoids. In contrast, other three modules had complex species composition and high species diversity. Complex landscapes enhance biocontrol service of cereal aphid through providing abundant food resource and refuge for natural enemies. Additionally, primary parasitism was higher in complex landscape than simple landscape. These results indicated that reconstruction of semi-natural habitat could enhance abundance of natural enemy and further improve biocontrol services in agroecosystem.

keywords:wheat aphid natural enemy diversity interspecific relationship

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