| 15%甲霜灵微胶囊缓释剂制备对烟草黑胫病的防治效果 |
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| 引用本文：董瑜,田华,冯超,袁会珠,张成省,孔凡玉.15%甲霜灵微胶囊缓释剂制备对烟草黑胫病的防治效果.植物保护学报,2015,42(3):396-403 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.03.017 |
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| 中文摘要:为明确15%甲霜灵微胶囊缓释剂配方及对烟草黑胫病的防治效果,采用原位聚合法制备并优化工艺,对获得的微胶囊进行释放规律研究及评价,并通过盆栽试验确定其防治效果.结果显示,微胶囊缓释剂最佳配方为(用质量分数表示):15%甲霜灵原药、27%二甲苯、2.5%农乳0203、2%氯化铵、4%乙二醇、0.2%黄原胶、2%NNO、47.3%水;制备优化工艺为:芯壁比例1:1、搅拌速度400 r/min、调酸时间2 h、pH 4.5.所获得微胶囊制剂表面光滑致密无凹陷,大小均一,平均粒径12.93 μm,包覆率93.58%.制剂有效成分在水相中缓慢释放,0~24 h为初期释放阶段,符合一级动力学方程,R2为0.9115,累计释放量达29.52%;24~360 h为匀速释放阶段,符合零级释放动力学方程,R2为0.9945,累计释放量为29.52%~93.22%;360 h后趋于稳定.施用所制备的15%甲霜灵微胶囊21 d后对烟草黑胫病的盆栽防治效果为82.2%,高于25%甲霜灵可湿性粉剂(75.7%).表明制备的15%甲霜灵微胶囊具有良好的缓释性,对烟草黑胫病有较好的防治效果. |
| 中文关键词:甲霜灵 微胶囊 性能表征 盆栽防效 |
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| Preparation of 15% metalaxyl sustained-release microcapsules and the control efficacy to tobacco black shank |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Dong Yu | Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China
Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | Tian Hua | Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China
Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China | | | Feng Chao | Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China | | | Yuan Huizhu | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | | | Zhang Chengsheng | Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China | | | Kong Fanyu | Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China | kongfanyu123@163.com |
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| Abstract:In order to clarify the control efficacy of 15% sustained released metalaxyl microcapsules to tobacco black shank, its release rule was studied by using the optimized in-situ polymerization. The effect on black shank was evaluated through greenhouse pot experiment. The optimum formula of metalaxyl microcapsules was as follows: 15% metalaxyl ingredient, 27% xylene, 2.5% 0203, 2% ammonium chloride, 4% ethylene glycol, 0.2% xanthan gum, 2% NNO, and 47.3% water. The preparation parameters were: a core wall ratio of 1:1, a stirring rate of 400 r/min, 2 h of acid time, and a pH value of 4.5. The obtained microcapsules had smooth surface, uniform particle size with an average diameter of 12.93 μm and a cover rate of 93.58%. The effective components of metalaxyl microcapsules were slowly released in water. In line with the first-order kinetics equation, the period of 0-24 h was the initial release phase, with a released amount of 29.52%. In accordance with the zero-order release kinetics equation, it was released at a constant speed during the period of 24-360 h, with an amount of 29.52%-93.22%. The release became stable after 360 h. The control efficiency of the microcapsules was 82.2% to black shank 21 days after application, which was higher than 25% metalaxyl WP (75.7%). These results indicated that the 15% sustained released metalaxyl microcapsules had a good quality of slow releasing, and could effectively control tobacco black shank. |
| keywords:metalaxyl microcapsule performance characterization potted control efficacy |
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