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转Bt水稻种植与杀虫剂使用对土壤线虫群落的影响

引用本文：陈群英,刘向辉,梁玉勇,杨兵,戈峰.转Bt水稻种植与杀虫剂使用对土壤线虫群落的影响.植物保护学报,2015,42(5):724-733

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.05.005

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作者	单位	E-mail
陈群英	中国科学院动物研究所, 农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100080
刘向辉	中国科学院动物研究所, 农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100080
梁玉勇	江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 南昌 330200
杨兵	中国科学院成都生物研究所, 中国科学院山地恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室, 生态系统恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室, 四川成都 610041
戈峰	中国科学院动物研究所, 农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100080	gef@ioz.ac.cn

中文摘要:为明确转Bt水稻对稻田土壤生物群落的生态风险性,于2012—2013连续2年大田试验调查研究了杀虫剂与转Bt水稻双因子对土壤线虫群落的影响。2年共监测到土壤线虫29个属,其中潜根线虫属Hirschmanniella、托布利线虫属Tobrilus、矛线线虫属Dorylaimus和丝尾垫刃线虫属Filenchus为优势属,相对多度分别为27.12%~37.92%、18.33%~24.19%、10.94%~14.87%和4.59%~15.76%;植物寄生类线虫和捕食-杂食类线虫为优势营养类群,相对多度分别为35.38%~47.62%和39.23%~48.52%;食细菌类线虫和食真菌类线虫的相对多度较低,分别为11.09%~15.20%和0.57%~1.69%。稻田土壤线虫数量、各个营养类群数量、组成以及群落生态指数随季节变化明显;在施用或不施用杀虫剂下转Bt水稻与非转Bt水稻间的土壤线虫数量及群落多样性指数无显著影响;但与不施用杀虫剂的稻田相比,施用杀虫剂的转Bt水稻或非转Bt水稻的土壤线虫数量均显著减少。研究表明,转Bt基因水稻对土壤线虫群落的影响较小,而杀虫剂影响较大。

中文关键词:转Bt基因水稻杀虫剂土壤线虫生态指数

Effects of transgenic Bt-rice and insecticides on the community structure of soil nematodes

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Chen Qunying	State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Liu Xianghui	State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Liang Yuyong	Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi Province, China
Yang Bing	Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bio-resource Utilization, Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Ge Feng	State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China	gef@ioz.ac.cn

Abstract:To clarify the potential environmental risk of Bt-rice plantations, the potential effects of transgenic Bt-rice plantation and insecticide application on nematodes communities were evaluated during 2012—2013. Twenty-nine genera of soil nematodes were identified in this study. Hirschmanniella, Tobrilus, Dorylaimus and Filenchus were dominant and the corresponding relative abundances were 27.12%-37.92%, 18.33%-24.19%, 10.94%-14.87% and 4.59%-15.76%, respectively. Moreover, herbivores and omnivore-predators nematodes were dominant groups, ranging from 35.38%-47.62% and 39.23%-48.52%, respectively. However, bacterivores and fungivores were relatively low, ranging from 11.09%-15.20% and 0.57%-1.69%, correspondingly. The number and composition of each guilds, ecological index and characteristics of communities were significantly changed with season. The number of nematodes and community diversity index in Bt-rice field were not significantly different from that of non-Bt-rice field, irrespective of insecticide application status. However, insecticide application significantly decreased the total number of nematodes, whether in Bt-rice or non-Bt-rice. The results indicated that the influence of Bt-rice plantation on community of soil nematodes was less important than that of insecticide application.

keywords:transgenic Bt-rice plantation insecticide application soil nematode community diversity index

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