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吡草醚室内除草生物活性测定及对小麦安全性评价

引用本文：房锋,李美,高兴祥,李健,张侨,李燕.吡草醚室内除草生物活性测定及对小麦安全性评价.植物保护学报,2016,43(2):336-342

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2016.02.023

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作者	单位	E-mail
房锋	山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100
李美	山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100	limei9909@163.com
高兴祥	山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100
李健	山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 山东省植物病毒学重点实验室, 济南 250100
张侨	中国绿色食品发展中心, 北京 100081
李燕	山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 济南 250100

中文摘要:为探讨原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂类除草剂-吡草醚防除小麦田阔叶杂草的生物活性及其对小麦的安全性,采用室内生物活性测定法研究了吡草醚对我国北方小麦田常见5种阔叶杂草的除草活性及对3个小麦品种的安全性。结果表明:吡草醚对播娘蒿Descurainia sophia、荠菜Capsella bursa-pastoris和麦瓶草Silene conoidea的防效好,GR₉₀值分别为3.66、4.21、2.57g(a.i.)/hm²,对猪殃殃Galium aparine、麦家公Lithospermum arvense的防效略差,GR₉₀值分别为11.41、17.39g(a.i.)/hm²,其活性是苯磺隆的2.27~9.07倍;吡草醚对抗苯磺隆荠菜有一定的控制作用,GR₉₀值为47.55g(a.i.)/hm²。该药剂对小麦安全性好,当剂量为384、192g(a.i.)/hm²时,小麦出现轻微触杀性药害;济麦22、良星66和矮抗58对吡草醚的耐药性分别为对苯磺隆的2.00、2.41和1.18倍。吡草醚在供试3个小麦品种与5种杂草之间的选择性指数在22.80~309.73之间,优于苯磺隆。表明吡草醚茎叶喷雾处理对温室盆栽阔叶杂草具有速效性好、活性高、选择性强等优点,是具有开发前景的一种麦田除草剂。

中文关键词:吡草醚生物活性阔叶杂草小麦安全性

Herbicidal activity and safety of pyraflufen-ethyl to wheat in glasshouses

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Fang Feng	Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
Li Mei	Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China	limei9909@163.com
Gao Xingxiang	Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
Li Jian	Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
Zhang Qiao	The Development Center of China Green Foods, Beijing 100081, China
Li Yan	Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China

Abstract:Pyraflufen-ethyl is a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide, registered in China in 2013. Dose-response experiments were carried out to determine its weed control effect and safety to three wheat varieties in glasshouses. The results showed that pyraflufen-ethyl could effectively control Descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Silene conoidea with a GR₉₀ of 3.66, 4.21, and 2.57 g (a.i.)/hm², respectively. Pyraflufen-ethyl could also control Galium spurium and Lithospermum arvenseat high dosage, with a GR₉₀ of 11.41 and 17.39 g (a.i.)/hm², respectively. The herbicidal activity of pyraflufen-ethyl was 2.27-9.07 folds as that of tribenuron-methyl. Pyraflufen-ethyl could also injure and inhibit the growth of C. bursa-pastoris,which had high resistance to tribenuron-methyl, with a GR₉₀ of 47.55 g (a.i.)/hm². Pyraflufen-ethyl had good safety to wheat, only causing slight injury to wheat when the dosage was up to 384, 192 g (a.i.)/hm². The tolerances of Jimai 22, Liangxing 66, and Aikang 58 to pyraflufen-ethyl were 2.00, 2.41, and 1.18 folds as that of tribenuron-methyl, respectively. The selectivity index of pyraflufen-ethyl between three tested wheat varieties and five species of weeds were from 22.80 to 309.73, which were also higher than that of tribenuron-methyl. Pyraflufen-ethyl had relatively high activity and selectivity when applied post-emergence.

keywords:pyraflufen-ethyl herbicidal activity broadleaf weed wheat safety

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