| 物理介质阻隔技术在橘小实蝇防控中的应用 |
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| 引用本文：宫庆涛,张坤鹏,高晓兰,李桂祥,李素红,董晓民,李淼,孙瑞红,张安宁.物理介质阻隔技术在橘小实蝇防控中的应用.植物保护学报,2023,50(4):1001-1009 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2023.2022063 |
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| 中文摘要:为明确不同物理介质在橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis幼虫入土、蛆果处理和成虫产卵阻隔等方面的效果，测定橘小实蝇3龄幼虫对果园中4种常用地面阻隔介质的透出率，研究桃果获得位置及腐烂程度、PE塑料袋颜色与幼虫死亡率之间的关系，分析常见成虫阻隔介质材质、厚度、抗穿刺力等指标与果实受害率之间的关系，并对比分析9种常用果袋的田间防控效果。结果表明，无纺布（厚0.16 mm）和PE塑料薄膜（厚0.01 mm）处理24 h均未出现透出现象，可应用于地面覆盖阻止幼虫入土化蛹； PP防草布（厚0.07 mm）和棉毛毡（厚0.27 mm）不建议在橘小实蝇发生区使用。蛆果处理效果与果实获得位置及腐烂程度、PE塑料袋颜色密切相关，以黑色综合效果最好。当纸、PO塑料薄膜和无纺布的厚度分别为≥0.16、0.12和0.20 mm时可实现有效产卵阻隔，此时对应的抗穿刺力值分别为126、86和344 kg/cm2；田间试验结果表明，桃果受害率与果袋材质、厚度、层数及颜色指标有关，双层果袋平均受害率低于单层，但单层白加蜡纸袋整体表现较好且在适当厚度范围内不影响果实着色。 |
| 中文关键词:橘小实蝇 物理阻隔 地面覆盖 PE塑料袋 颜色 抗穿刺力 果袋 |
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| Applications of physical medium barrier technology in the prevention and control of oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Gong Qingtao | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Zhang Kunpeng | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Gao Xiaolan | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Li Guixiang | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Li Suhong | College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Dong Xiaomin | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Li Miao | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Sun Ruihong | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | | | Zhang Anning | Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China | zan_hope@163.com |
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| Abstract:In order to clarify the effects of different physical media on the penetration of oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis larvae, maggot fruit treatment and adult oviposition barrier, the permeability of the 3rd instar larvae to four common ground barrier media in the orchard were measured, and the relationships between the acquisition position and decay degree of peach fruit, the color of PE plastic bag and larval mortality were studied, and the relationships between the material, thickness, puncture resistance of common adult barrier media and fruit damage rate were systematically analyzed, and the control effects of nine common fruit bags in the orchard were compared. The results showed that the permeability of non-woven fabric (0.16 mm) and PE plastic film (0.01 mm) did not show any leakage within 24 hours, which could be used for ground covering to prevent larvae from entering the soil and pupating. PP anti-grass cloth (0.07 mm) and cotton felt (0.27 mm) were not recommended to be used in the occurrence area of B. dorsalis. The effect of maggot fruit treatment was closely related to the position of fruit acquisition, the degree of decay and the color of PE plastic bag. The comprehensive effect of black bag was the best. Effective oviposition barrier could be achieved by adjusting the material and thickness of the medium or the distance from the outer surface to the host. When the thickness of the selected paper, PO plastic film and non-woven fabric was ≥ 0.16, 0.12 cm and 0.20 mm, effective oviposition barrier could be achieved, and the corresponding puncture resistance values were 126, 86 and 344 kg/cm2, respectively. The field experiment results showed that the damage rate of peach was related to the material, thickness, layer and color index of fruit bag. The average damage rate of double-layer fruit bag was lower than that of single-layer bag, but the overall performance of single-layer white waxed paper bag was better, and the fruit coloring was not affected within the appropriate thickness range. |
| keywords:Bactrocera dorsalis physical obstruct ground covering PE plastic bag color corresponding puncture resistance fruit bag |
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