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啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂幼虫生长发育及免疫应答的影响

引用本文：段辛乐,王如意,熊曼琼,王梨竹,覃淦,黄少康,李江红.啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂幼虫生长发育及免疫应答的影响.植物保护学报,2024,51(2):432-441

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2024.2023035

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作者	单位	E-mail
段辛乐	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002	xinleduan@fafu.edu.cn
王如意	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002
熊曼琼	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002
王梨竹	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002
覃淦	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002
黄少康	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002
李江红	福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院, 农业农村部福建蜜蜂生物学科学观测站, 福州 350002

中文摘要:为探究啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica幼虫生长发育和免疫应答的影响，使用田间推荐浓度（113、150、225和281 mg/L）的啶氧菌酯连续饲喂意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫，记录处理后工蜂幼虫的存活率、化蛹率、蛹重、羽化率和羽化初生重，并测量幼虫体内发育相关基因、营养相关基因及免疫相关基因表达情况。结果显示，不同浓度啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫存活率、蛹重和羽化初生重均有显著影响，且具有显著的浓度效应；150、225和281 mg/L啶氧菌酯处理后意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫的化蛹率和蛹的羽化率均较对照显著下降。不同浓度啶氧菌酯均可诱导幼虫体内蜕皮激素受体（ecdysone receptor，Ecr）基因、卵黄原蛋白（vitellogenin，Vg）基因、蜜蜂防卫素（defensin 1，Def1）基因和膜翅抗菌肽（hymenoptaecin，Hym）基因的表达量上调，且大部分与对照差异显著；不同浓度啶氧菌酯均可显著抑制幼虫体内胰岛素样肽（insulin-like peptide 1，ILP1）基因的表达量；281 mg/L啶氧菌酯分别显著抑制和显著增加幼虫体内蜜蜂抗菌肽（apidaecin，Api）基因和蜂蛾抗菌肽（abaecin，Aba）基因的表达量，225 mg/L和281 mg/L啶氧菌酯可诱导幼虫体内ILP2的表达量显著上调，显著抑制幼虫体内储存蛋白（hexamerin，Hex）基因Hex70b的表达量，其他浓度处理对幼虫体内Api、Aba、ILP2和Hex70b无显著影响。表明啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫有慢性毒性，长时间暴露会扰乱幼虫的生长发育和免疫应答。在生产实践中应当考虑啶氧菌酯对意大利蜜蜂的潜在风险。

中文关键词:啶氧菌酯意大利蜜蜂幼虫生长发育免疫

Effects of picoxystrobin on the development and immune response of Italian honey bee Apis mellifera ligustica larvae

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Duan Xinle	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China	xinleduan@fafu.edu.cn
Wang Ruyi	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
Xiong Manqiong	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
Wang Lizhu	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
Qin Gan	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
Huang Shaokang	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
Li Jianghong	Fujian Biological Observation Station of Honeybee, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China

Abstract:To investigate the effects of picoxystrobin on the development and immune response of Italian honey bee Apis mellifera ligustica larvae, we subjected the larvae to continuous exposure to fieldrecommended concentrations of picoxystrobin (113, 150, 225 and 281 mg/L). The survival rate, pupation rate, pupa weight, eclosion rate, and newly-emergence weight were recorded, and the expression levels of development-related genes, nutrient-related genes, and immune-related genes in the larvae following fungicide exposure were assessed. The results showed that picoxystrobin exerted a significantly adverse effect on the survival rate, pupa weight, and newly-emergence birth weight of larvae in a concentration-dependent effect. Pupation rate and eclosion rate were also significantly decreased after exposed to picoxystrobin (150, 225, and 281 mg/L). Moreover, picoxystrobin induced the expression of ecdysone receptor (Ecr), vitellogenin (Vg), defensin 1 (Def1), and hymenoptaecin (Hym) in larvae, with most showing significant differences compared to control group. However, the expression of insulinlike peptide 1 (ILP1) decreased in all concentration treatment groups of picoxystrobin. In the 281 mg/L picoxystrobin treatment group, the expression of Api was significantly inhibited, while that of Aba was significantly increased. Additionally,the expression of ILP2 was significantly upregulated in the 225 mg/L and 281 mg/L treatment groups, whileas that of hexamerin 70b (Hex70b) was significantly downregulated. Moreover, there was no significant effect of picoxystrobin at other concentrations on apidaecin (Api), abaecin (Aba) and ILP2 in larvae. This study confirmed the chronic toxicity of picoxystrobin to A. mellifera ligustica larvae, indicating that prolonged exposure can disrupt larval growth, development, and immune response. Therefore, the potential risk of picoxystrobin to A. mellifera ligustica should be carefully considered to ensure the safety of bees in pollination practices.

keywords:picoxystrobin Apis mellifera ligustica larva growth and development immune

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