大豆锈病生防菌筛选体系的建立及防治效果评价 Click here to download the full text Citation：严晨怡,张紫谊,丘安扬,蒋春号,牛冬冬.大豆锈病生防菌筛选体系的建立及防治效果评价.Journal of Plant Protection,2026,53(4):998-1009 Hits: Download times: Author Name Affiliation E-mail Yan Chenyi  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Zhang Ziyi  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Qiu Anyang  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Jiang Chunhao  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Niu Dongdong  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China  ddniu@njau.edu.cn  中文摘要:为筛选有效防治由豆薯层锈菌Phakopsora pachyrhizi引起的大豆锈病的生防菌，鉴于该菌是活体专性寄生菌，无法通过传统方法筛选，通过活体植株侵染方法建立筛选体系，从健康大豆叶片中筛选生防菌，根据形态学特征及16s rDNA序列分析结果对拮抗菌株进行鉴定，通过孢子萌发抑制试验测定菌株对豆薯层锈菌的抑制作用，同时检测菌株处理后大豆相关抗病基因的表达，并通过温室试验评价其防治效果。结果表明：从健康大豆叶片中分离得到521株菌株，筛选得到5株对豆薯层锈菌防治效果大于70%的菌株，其中菌株z373的防治效果最佳，达到83%。根据形态学特征及16s rDNA序列分析结果将菌株z373鉴定为枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis。该菌株不但对豆薯层锈菌夏孢子的萌发有较好的抑制效果，还可以提高大豆防御相关基因的表达水平，抑制豆薯层锈菌夏孢子的致病能力。大豆叶面预先接种拮抗菌株菌液后再喷施浓度为1×105个/mL的豆薯层锈菌孢子悬浮液，28 d后防治效果仍达72.5%。表明枯草芽胞杆菌菌株z373具有较好的生防潜力，可为大豆锈病的绿色防控提供备选生防菌。 中文关键词:大豆锈病  豆薯层锈菌  枯草芽胞杆菌  生物防治  鉴定   Establishment a screening system for biocontrol bacteria against soybean rust and evaluation of their control efficacy Author Name Affiliation E-mail Yan Chenyi  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Zhang Ziyi  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Qiu Anyang  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Jiang Chunhao  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China    Niu Dongdong  College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China  ddniu@njau.edu.cn  Abstract:To screen effective biocontrol bacteria against soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, an obligate biotrophic fungus that cannot be screened using conventional methods, a screening system based on inoculation of living soybean plants was established. Biocontrol bacteria were isolated from healthy soybean leaves, and antagonistic strains were identified based on morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Their inhibitory activity against P. pachyrhizii was evaluated using urediniospore germination inhibition assays. The expression of soybean defense-related genes following bacterial treatment was also determined, and greenhouse experiments were performed to evaluate the control efficacy of the selected strains. A total of 521 bacterial strains were isolated from healthy soybean leaves, among which five strains exhibited control efficacies greater than 70% against P. pachyrhizii. Strain z373 presented the highest control efficacy, reaching 83%. Based on morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain z373 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. This strain not only effectively inhibited the germination of P. pachyrhizii urediniospores but also enhanced the expression of soybean defense-related genes, thereby suppressing the pathogenicity of the pathogen. After preinoculating soybean leaves with a suspension of antagonistic bacterial strain z373, they were sprayed with a suspension of P. pachyrhizii spores at a concentration of 1×105 spores/mL. The control efficacy remained 72.5% at 28 days post inoculation. These findings indicate that B. subtilis z373 has considerable potential as a biocontrol agent and may serve as a promising candidate for the green prevention and control of soybean rust. keywords:soybean rust  Phakopsora pachyrhizi  Bacillus subtilis  biological control  identification View Full Text  View/Add Comment  Download reader

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